Acid reflux and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) both have heartburn in common, but the two also have differences. While many individuals have symptoms of acid reflux from time to time, when the symptoms of acid reflux become frequent and persistent, it’s termed Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).
Acid reflux refers to the splashing of stomach acid up into the esophagus. It is actually acid reflux that causes the burning feeling of heartburn. When the muscle valve in the esophagus, called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) loosens or weakens, acid refluxes up from the stomach. Normally, this valve should close tightly after eating to prevent acid from escaping. However, when this valve is compromised, it won’t close tightly, causing gastric juices to rise into the esophagus. Dietary and lifestyle changes can reduce the occasional symptoms of acid reflux, as can over-the-counter antacids and acid blockers. For people who get occasional acid reflux, antacids and acid blockers can be taken prior to eating known heartburn triggers, and this often provides relief.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
People who suffer from heartburn two or more times per week are said to have GERD. In these people, the LES valve is permanently weakened or damaged, resulting in chronic acid reflux incidents. For people who have GERD, dietary and lifestyle changes aren’t always enough to reduce their symptoms; sometimes stronger medications are necessary. These medications include proton pump inhibitors, which prevent acid reflux over a longer period of time. These medications also help to decrease the production of stomach acids. Some proton pump inhibitors can help to heal the esophageal lining, which may have become damaged from persistent acid reflux. Another type of medication, called prokinetics, helps the stomach to empty out more quickly while strengthening the LES. When medication fails to alleviate the symptoms of GERD, your Dallas/Fort Worth physician may recommend surgery.
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